This 2015 article states the Arizona Big Game Management estimated Coues population at about 50,000-60,000 deer. The most recent data I could find for white-tailed deer reported around 300,000 in 2016. In response to the growing popularity of quality deer management (QDM), the Agency has continually researched QDM initiatives. The most credible white-tailed estimate I could find came from the 2017-2023 South Dakota white-tailed and mule deer management plan, which listed the 2016 preseason population estimate at 425,000. When alarmed, white-tailed deer will raise their tail straight up, flashing the white. Which came first, the black-tailed deer or the mule deer? But its still really good in the grand scheme of things. Hunting controls, restocking and improved habitat brought the deer population up to about 17,000 by 1965. Most of the population growth in recent years has occurred in the southern half of the lower peninsula. Everyone wants to hunt there. However they are not out of the woods with continued habitat loss and disease (such as the 2017 screwworm epidemic that killed a large portion of male Key deer) threatening their numbers. Deer Harvesting Rates Determining the Best Counties This map below is a comparison between the counties in Tennessee with the highest deer population density and the highest harvest rates. The antlered deer bag limit is a total of two for the entire 2020-21 deer seasons. I could not find an exact count that was more recent, however based on estimated deer harvest numbers the total population in Florida as of 2019 may be closer to 550,000. However, deer overpopulation can lead to damage and problems for human safety. The white-tailed deer found in Arizona belongs to the subspecies called Coues. Coverage of the state was relatively complete during this effort, and deer populations were successfully established statewide (Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency 1991). The TWRA page states that the deer population has expanded from just a few counties in eastern Tennessee during the 1940s to being present in all 95 counties state-wide today. Growth has boomed since with an estimated population today of 700,000 750,000 white-tailed deer. However, these are the states the biggest, most mature deer come out of. This will only print the area on the screen. Iowas first conservation law came around in 1856, restricting what time of year deer could be hunted. Thats an impressive comeback from the near extinction they faced in the state at the turn of the 20th century. Deer are one of the most populous and hunted big game animals in North America. Missouri Department of Conservation: deer hunting regulations. The rest are mule deer. The deer density of a state refers to the average amount of deer found per square mile. It works fully in Excel: 1. Webpage with information and links to data files for download. Deer can be found from sea level to high elevations in the mountains. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, http://dx.doi.org/10.13020/D6G014. By 1990 the population had grown to 250,000. The male white-tailed deer will grow a new set of antlers every year. Careful management slowly brought the population back and by 1985 hunters were able to harvest 32,000 deer. Wildlife Management Area (WMA) Maps This map is intended as a guide only, and its content is subject to change without notice. It is transmitted through animal-to-animal contact, animal contact with a contaminated environment, and with contaminated feed or water sources. Maine Department of Inland Fisheries & Wildlife: White-tailed deer in Maine. TWRA does not warrant or make any representations as to the accuracy of the content of the map, and TWRA is not liable for any improper or incorrect use of this map or for any direct or indirect damages suffered related to the use of this map. Illinois Department of Natural Resources: deer hunting information. In the early 1900s not many deer remained in Alabama after overhunting, estimates were down to about 2,000. Maryland also has a population of sika deer. . Deer are browsers, eating young vegetation and twigs of shrubs and young trees. That is up from an estimated 1.7 million ten years ago. Deer farming creates high-density populations of deer, making it an ideal environment for transmitting CWD. Coming in slightly lower than Texas, with 14.4 deer per square mile, you cant exclude it from the list. It sure surprised me. Trying to figure out their population in the state is challenging due to the remote and densely forested areas where they live. Like many states, Oklahoma had nearly lost all its deer by the early 1900s. Antlers may vary from small spikes that grow only a few inches above the skin to much larger racks including multiple points. 2009. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Estimated Hunter-days by Species. Apparently people feeding deer, especially during the winter, has been an issue in the state. North Dakota Game & Fish: deer hunting information. Click here to learn more on deer hunting in Ohio. Nebraska Game & Parks: deer hunting in Nebraska. Historically mountain lions and wolves helped to control the deer population, but with the absence of those predators today hunters are the only real population control. In general, black-tailed deer occur in the western half of the state, while white-tailed and mule deer occur in the eastern half. However, thats still a decent number. That said, like Kansas and Oklahoma, there is a lot of open ground in Iowa, much of which doesnt support large populations of deer. Wild hogs are invasive exotic animals that cause extensive damage to crops, wildlife habitat, contribute to erosion and water pollution, and carry diseases harmful to livestock and humans. While 2020 saw an incredible harvest, some expect it to fall a bit this fall. To browse or use data from this site, no account is necessary! Accessed 2023-03-01. The lowest estimate in the state came around 1931, when Virginia was down to just 25,000 deer after over 100 years of hunting and habitat loss. That brings us to the topic of this article, where we will dive into what the deer population is in each U.S. state, and which types of deer you can find there. Today, the population sits around 660,000. The University of Minnesota, Forest Ecosystem Health Lab and the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service-Northern Research Station have digitized the deer density map to provide information on the status and trends of forest health across the eastern United States. Although hunter numbers have declined slightly since their peak of 242,000 in 1999, they have remained relatively stable since the turn of the century, averaging 217,400 deer hunters per year. It should not be interpreted as representing legal property boundaries. On average in North America, males weigh 121 331 pounds and females weigh 95 198 pounds. Bear Harvest Report. The white-tailed deer has a reddish-brown coat in the spring which fades to a grayish-brown coat during the fall and winter. The main deer population in Utah is mule deer, with a 2021 estimate of 314,850. According to this article current estimates are about 40,000 60,000 on Molokai, 20,000 on Lanai and 30,000 50,000 on Maui. Herd growth has been such that hunting is allowed in all Tennessee counties with the Tennessee deer herd numbering approximately 900,000 animals. Sexually mature males, known as bucks, grow antlers in the spring/summer of each year. This includes flowers, grass, tree and shrub fruits, nuts, acorns, berries and lichen. Also, their numbers can fluctuate quite a bit based on how severe the winters are from year to year. Utah: 315,000 Only about 1,000 of these deer are white-tail deer. In Tennessee, white-tailed deer are found throughout the entire State. As we progress into the future, the Agency faces a number of challenges in its deer management program. The Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife estimated a population of 1 million white-tailed deer at the start of the 2020-21 hunting season. If you do plant deer favorites (fruit trees, sunflowers, peas, lettuce, tulips, hosta, berry bushes), do so strategically. Data contained within this data set includes average response time for the City of Franklin and for departments within the State of Tennessee, fire loss per $1,000,000 of assessed value and calls for service, 2005-2019. White-tailed deer are even found in urban and suburban areas. Zoom into the area you are interested in and click the Print button. However the Alaska Department of Fish and Game says that they are both crossing the border with Canada and starting to colonize. However in many areas of eastern Massachusetts where hunting is restricted by town firearm laws or land closures, the deer population is not well controlled. Due to less productive habitat and other factors, eastern Tennessee has been the slowest area of the state for deer population growth. In 1974 the state passed the Deer Management Act and had its first deer hunting season the following year. The mule deer is a generalist and will forage on whatever is available. The information on this page (the dataset metadata) is also available in these formats: In 2008, the Quality Deer Management Association (QDMA) developed a map of white-tailed deer density with information obtained from state wildlife agencies. Efforts at management started as early as 1917 to save the remaining population. They will spend the summer in higher elevations, then travel down to lower elevations during the winter. Restrictive game laws also helped allow the population to grow. Growth of the Tennessee deer herd is expected to continue to increase at 1-2 % per year for the near future with most expansion occurring in the Mississippi River counties and in eastern Tennessee. See Region 1 WMA regulations starting on page 37 to see which public lands are open during this hunt. Deer numbers in Arkansas significantly declined due to unrestricted market hunting during the 1800s until 1915. Cattle and sheep began competing with deer for space and grazing by the 1860s, combined with the 1859 Gold Rush that brought 100,000 people into the state soon to be followed by a railroad bringing even more settlers. Geography/TIGER or American FactFinder.. These types of terrain dont hold as many deer statewide. Mule deer are classified as the species Odocoileus hemionus, the Rocky-Mountain mule deer. 6 Types of Deer in North America (With Pictures), Gray Wolf Population by State (Estimates & Info), How Strong Are Rhinos? Those that dont could be even lower than the average. Market hunting decimated the states population by the late 1800s. The range of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Tennessee has expanded from a few counties in east Tennessee in the 1940's to all 95 counties in the state. They may occasionally eat small animals like mice or birds, but it isnt very common. All this brings us to today. The North Carolina Wildlife Commission estimated the white-tailed deer population in the state to be around 1 million. Kyle Sams, a deer program biologist, says the population models still show an upward trend and favorable growth rate that will allow the number of deer harvested to continue to increase. The 2021 mule deer survey put their population within the state at 227,392. A 2021 article in the Press Herald quoted a state biologist as saying the 2019 whitetail deer population estimate was 230,000 250,000 and that today the numbers are likely closer to 280,000 300,000. Quality Deer Management Association. The endangered Columbian white-tailed deer are only found in the far southwestern corner of Washington along the lower Columbia River. (dataset) Walters, Brian F.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Russell, Matthew B. Wisconsin is having a deer boom, with this 2021 article reporting the states population of 1.6 million is the highest its been in decades. Click here for more information on deer hunting in Iowa. Iowa finds itself at No. This has been accomplished through liberalized antlerless bag limits, liberalized deer tagging regulations, increased seasons, and increased non-quota antlerless hunting opportunities. Hanberry, Brice B.; Hanberry, Phillip. July 1, 2022 |Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes, November 3, 2016 |Brow Tines and Backstrap. Turkey Interactive Turkey Harvest Map (Mobile-Friendly Version) Hunter Harvest Surveys. If you ever see a deer in the woods and they spot you, you might catch them flagging as they run away. Click here to learn more on deer hunting in Illinois. performance.franklintn.gov | Last Updated 2021-07-26T18:03:35.000Z. Deer Harvests by County / WMA. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. Like other deer species they grow new antlers each spring and shed them during the winter. It is estimated by 1925 only about 400 deer remained. However in localized urban and suburban areas, many populations are increasing. There is some concern that in the long run, they may outcompete the native mule deer. The Kansas DWP reports that white tailed numbers have increased dramatically in the last 20 years. However Texas is also home to mule deer, who live in the Trans-Pecos and Panhandle regions. Deer eat a lot, about 2,000 pounds of plant matter each year. Mule deer make up the largest portion of the population and 95% of the annual deer harvested. 2. Hunting is the number one cause of mortality for adult white-tailed deer in many parts of their range, including Tennessee. As part of the Wildlife Resources Division's (WRD) goal to maintain a sustainable wild turkey population in Georgia, estimates of the state's turkey harvest, turkey hunter effort, and turkey hunter success are acquired each year and then used to adjust hunting regulations in subsequent years to achieve . Many animals, such as songbirds, rely on this understory habitat. 6 to 7 spot. Hemorrhagic disease has not been found to be a danger to humans. Damage to landscape overpopulation of deer in the suburbs makes them more and more apt to use your flower beds and gardens as a snack station. https://fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/webservice/oaipmh, National Agricultural Library Thesaurus Term, Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency: deer hunting guide. Deer Per Square Mile: 9.4 As you can see, populations drop drastically from the No. Hunting. The Vermont fish & wildlife page reports that the pre-hunt estimate for white-tailed deer population in the state was approximately 133,000. You can find blacktail deer in western Oregon, whitetail deer in northeastern Oregon and mule deer east of the Cascade range. Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department: white-tailed deer hunting information. These categories represent coarse deer density levels as identified in the QDMA report in 2009 and should not be used to represent current or future deer densities across the study region. Some deer may survive and recover from the disease, but many die and are often found in or near water. 2019. The Columbian white-tailed deer is an endangered species so is protected rather than hunted. Unlike the white-tailed deers antlers which branch out from a single main beam, the antlers of mule deer are bifurcated. Damage to crops deer can cause huge amounts of crop damage, eating not only parts of mature plants but also destroying plants at the seedling and budding stages. While deer farms are fenced, escapes of captive deer and elk occur when fences are damaged by storms. While their historic range expanded further east, today you can find them in western Oregon, northern California, Washington, the Alaskan panhandle and areas of British Columbia. This graph shows the estimated deer density of each wildlife area, separated by region. We also share helpful tips and guides on a variety of topics related to animals and nature. Whereas the size of white-tailed deer can vary greatly, mule deer dont show as much of a difference across their range. On the other hand, hunting them provides food for many and their meat is very prized. There are many legal ways summarized here to control this immensely destructive pest. Deer populations are actually higher than they were historically in many areas, or they are at the point of exceeding the carrying capacity of their local environment. Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States This data publication includes vector digital data files containing white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) densities during 1982, 1994-1999, and 2001-2005 in the continental United States. Despite these high harvests, the population still remains pretty stable. The Sitka blacktail deer is native to the coastal rainforests of southeastern Alaska, and has been introduced to areas of South Central Alaska. West Virginia Department of Natural Resources: big game hunting information. QDMA Whitetail Report, 2009. Therefore, QDM is best left as a management tool utilized by individual hunters and/or landowners. It made our list of top meat hunting states and is one of the top producers of Booner bucks. Overall, this strategy has worked relatively well, as most areas are harvesting the desired number of does (Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency 2005). Value for Tennessee (No. On the one hand they cause a lot of damage to crops and use up many natural resources. While CWD is considered 100 percent fatal once contracted, it is not known to harm humans or livestock. It used to produce more and bigger deer than it does now. The site is secure. Deer also eat hard masts such as acorns, fruits (soft mast), and herbaceous plants based on seasonal availability. Click here for more information on deer hunting in Minnesota. Colorado Parks & Wildlife: Big Game Hunting. Late spring to fall, they consume grasses, blackberries, apples, fireweed, pearly everlasting, forbs, salmonberry, salal, and maple. Deer Seasons and Bag Limits - 2022-2023 1. The summer coat of a white-tailed deer is reddish-brown, while its winter coat is gray. The total population estimate for deer living in the U.S. is approximately 35-36 million. White-tailed deer belong to the order of artiodactyla and familyCervidae and may live up to 12 years in the wild, although they rarely reach anything over seven years of age. Tennessee Hunting Deer Regulations. Deer friendly reports a white-tailed deer population of 72,900 in 2019 based on hunting data. Black Bear Age Harvest Data. Needless to say, I live and hunt in the Bluegrass State. After the 2021-2022 deer hunting season, Fayette County had the highest county-wide prevalence of CWD at 17.7% and Hardeman County had the next highest at 11.8%. White-tailed deer are even found in urban and suburban areas. Because of restoration initiatives, effective game laws, and wise management, the deer herd in Tennessee has increased dramatically from approximately 2,000 deer in the 1940's to an estimated 900,000 animals in 2005. An official website of the United States government. Tennessee hunters harvested 159,879 deer in the state this hunting season. However they are a popular game species for the state, perhaps because they inhabit less hospitable terrain and are better at staying hidden than the mule deer, offering hunters more of a challenge. Connecticut DEEP: hunting and trapping information. CWD is a contagious and a fatal neurological disorder that affects members of the deer family known scientifically as cervids. Click here to learn more on deer hunting in Kansas. Realtree is committed to providing an inclusive and accessible experience to everyone, including those with disabilities.2023 Jordan Outdoor Enterprises, Ltd. All rights reserved. White-tailed deer prefer the more agricultural and upland areas of the state, whereas the sika deer prefer marshes and forested wetlands. 5. However, I truly expected to see Kansas higher on the list since it is in fact a draw state in comparison to Oklahomas over-the-counter status. Females typically mature at 1.5-2.5 years of age and give birth to 1-2 young annually (although they may occasionally have 3). These viruses are transmitted through a biting fly or midge in the genusCulicoides. White-tailed deer have played an important role in the lives of humans for generations and will continue to do so. Black-tailed deer in their native Pacific northwest range live in dense coastal rainforest and semi-open habitats including riparian forest (along river banks) and areas of tangled shrubs and thicket. Sponsorship: Quality Deer Management Association; US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service-Northern Research Station; Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. White-tailed deer density estimates across the eastern United States, 2008. DATA INPUT. Private lands only and archery only, except in Unit CWD where guns and muzzleloaders are allowed and select public lands are additionally open for hunting. But by that time, damage to deer herds had already been happening for almost 30 years. Key deer are the smallest subspecies of white-tailed deer in North America, weighing only about 55-65 pounds. States with the Highest Deer Density. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission starting putting limits on hunting in 1916 to try and turn the tide, with an estimated 2,000 deer remaining in the state. Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps. With the overall deer herd increasing at an estimated rate of 1-2% per year, and especially with the anticipated herd growth in eastern and far western Tennessee in the next few years, it will become more difficult to harvest the necessary number of does with little or no growth in hunter numbers. 2021 seemed to show a higher-than-usual occurrence of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), but at the time of writing this article is is unclear if it will significantly impact the states overall deer population. As recently as 1968 the in-state population estimate was only 25,000, but through conservation and management by 1990 that number skyrocketed to 100,000. These population trends and goals should continue into the near future. Forest Service Research Data Archive. This state isnt what it once was. This flash can alert other deer that danger has been spotted, and is known as flagging. Mule deer are found in the western third of the state, mainly in the High Plains, Smoky Hills and Red Hills regions. The most recent number listed on the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries & Parks site estimates 1.75 million white-tailed deer in the state. Deer are found throughout the state with three subspecies broken up by geographic location. Its also important to know certain areas will have concentrations of deer. Surprise you? https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2019-0053. In Tennessee cervids include deer and elk. Alternatively, yearling males disperse away from their mother; which is thought to prevent inbreeding. Over time this heavy hunting and habitat loss took a real toll. Delawares White-Tailed Deer: Hunting and Management. While there is no one fail safe solution to keep them away, here are a few top tips. The fabled Wisconsin is the sorts legends are made of. I cant speak from experience, because Ive never hunted there. Texas: 5.5 million Texas is home to around 225,000 mule deer and millions of white-tail deer. Purpose: Digitization of white-tailed deer densities during 1982 in the United States. To submit, please register and login first. They were essential as a source of food, clothing, tool materials and currency for Native Americans and European settlers. Our mission at Wildlife Informer is to share free information and pictures of wildlife with our readers. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Deer hunting in Tennessee started strong during the summer and finished strong in January with the harvest almost 20% larger than the previous season. This 2021 article in the Observer-Dispatch reports a white-tailed deer population of approximately 1.2 million. Deer hunting is a huge sport in the state, and the 2020-21 season saw a whopping 435,180 deer harvested, one of the largest in the country. Three of those are abundant enough to hunt, the white-tailed deer, mule deer and black-tailed deer. A 2019 study by the South Carolina department of natural resources estimated the white-tailed deer population in the state to be about 730,000. Lastly, parasites (e.g., ticks) commonly associated with deer can present human health challenges. Tennessee. The Sooner State comes in at No. Plant them closer to your house, and put a border around them of stronger smelling plants such as lavender, mint or garlic. This is quite a noticeable decline from the population high of 250,000 seen in 1988. "We saw a record harvest for the 2020-21 deer season of 216,835," said Ralph Meeker, deer program coordinator with the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Minnesota only harbors 9.4 deer per square mile. Go here for more on deer hunting in Texas. A 2018 estimate puts the white-tailed deer estimate around 18,000 for Rhode Island. Native plant suppression when there are more deer than the ecosystem can sustain, native plants may be grazed to the point where they are never allowed to grow, reducing food for other animals and allowing invasive species to thrive. 2. These outside sources sometimes do not give the proper information, or even worse, feed hunters misguided, commercially based information which does not pertain to statewide management. Ohio had lost most of its deer by 1900 due to habitat loss and hunting. That is a quick comeback from the estimated 662 that were left in 1941. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources: deer hunting resources. May 20, 2010 #4 B Boone 58 Well-Known Member Joined Jun 23, 2004 Messages 15,991 Location Food Plot lol! Virginia DWR: deer hunting regulations and seasons. Importing of white-tailed deer from Michigan began in 1930 to strategic habitats. By the late 1800s and early 1900s, deer populations had plummeted across the country and some states were in danger of loosing deer entirely. General Info. In 1991, hunting related expenditures had an overall impact of over $405,238,000 to Tennessee's economy. The lower deer density is also reflected in lower harvest numbers just as is the case in Region 3. Giles County led the state in the total . We couldnt find any hard numbers and its likely an estimate has not yet been made. The Axis deer, also known as the chital, is native to the Indian subcontinent. This coupled with careful management clearly has allowed deer in Mississippi to make an impressive comeback. Louisiana Wildlife & Fisheries: Deer Research, Management and Reports. I have seen some debate on this but at the time of writing this article the consensus is that black-tailed deer are a subspecies of the mule deer. This means they fork as they grow. Deer overpopulation causes habitat destruction, crop damage, vehicle collisions and disease all of which threatens the long-term survival of white-tailed deer in Wisconsin. Biologists believe a new framework for deer management is in order, and one that takes into account the ecological capacity of the current ecosystem. Enough that the Fish & Game Department created a pamphlet outlining why too much food assistance from humans is problematic for people and deer alike. There are three main types of deer in New Mexico, the mule deer, the Coues deer and the Texas white-tailed deer. Found in forests as well as the suburbs, deer are often thought to have spiritual meaning and can bring nature close to home since they are often seen in backyards and neighborhoods. According to a quote in the Michigan Bridge made by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, there may be as many as 2 million deer in the state today. 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