1. The leaves are typically about 1-2 inches long and the stem is about an inch thick. Yellow mustard is a popular condiment made from the seeds of the mustard plant. Mustard seeds contain selenium, which is an important mineral for horses. And that means that the ill horse needs to be kept in as clean an environment as possibleeven if he isnt normally bothered by the amount of dust in his feed or stall, he may become more sensitive to it when his airways are inflamed. yellow liquid in g tube possibly stomach acid. Horses need veterinary care. As noted above, it may take several weeks or months for your afflicted equine to recover from the poisoning of wild mustard. Also, feeding a component of a particular substance does not guarantee that the body can actually use that ingredient to produce more of the needed substance. 3. You will need to keep your horse stalled in order to closely monitor him and to keep him comfortable during treatments. She will suggest a complete blood count (CBC) and chemistry panel to check for abnormalities. One of my colleagues was asked to examine a horse with a persistent cough. 102 Whole Grain Mustard. Alsike clover is known to cause two syndromes, photosensitization and big liver syndrome. We're empowering you to make wise decisions about your own health, by providing you with essential health information about both medical and alternative treatment options. And in some circumstancessuch as just after coming out of a trailer after a long rideeven a single cough or two may signal a life-threatening infection that requires immediate veterinary care. Just because we cannot explain why a home remedy works does not mean it is junk science, to quote our critic above. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Another way is to ask the salesperson if the shoes are non slip. Wild mustard (Brassica Kaber) also includes charlock, California rape, Chinese mustard, Gal choy, and brown mustard. These eggs can survive a long time on pasture, sometimes for years, and become activated when consumed by a grazing horse.. It might be all three. So, it is very good for our digestive system and helps us protect the stomach that is always a problem after consuming too much food. Mustard seeds naturally contain enzymes that give mustard its signature sharp flavor. If youre not already receiving the EQUUS newsletter, clickhereto sign up. The specific ingredients used to make mustard can also affect its color. Infusions of the seeds were used historically to relieve. Another skier suggested that I take a teaspoon of yellow mustard followed by clear water. Banamine (flunixin meglumine) or bute (phenylbutazone) are often used for this purpose, she adds. Evaluate the environment and try to minimize ongoing exposure to things that could further irritate the airways.. Leaves are variably smooth or hairy. If a horse in your herd has never coughed before and now has a cough, he should be examined by your veterinarian. . So, if youre thinking of giving your horse some treacle, talk to your vet first to make sure its the right decision for them. Your email address will not be published. Other signs that a horse might be having difficulty chewing and swallowing include dropping chewed food from the mouth (quidding), weight loss, bad breath and the presence of poorly digested hay in the manure. There are many potential causes of tying up in horses, also called azoturia, rhabdomyolysis, or Monday morning disease. Read all about this amazing discovery in the Wall Street Journal (July 11, 2016). Cruciferous vegetables like kale, brussel sprouts, cabbage, broccoli or other things in the cabbage family Large amounts of fruit (some apple or other fruit is fine, just don't feed large amounts at one time) Every horse deserves a SaddleBox! As noted above, as a member of the mustard family (Cruciferae Brassicaceae), wild mustard, also known as Brassica Kaber (DC) and charlock, is a weed commonly found in pastures and fields. There is no antidote to mustard plant intoxication but she can offer him supportive treatment. Q. There is now evidence that most cramps are not caused by dehydration or an imbalance in minerals like potassium. Skeptics often dismiss remedies that they cannot explain. Toxic reactions include skin irritations and photosensitivity, including severe sunburn. For the future health of the afflicted horse as well as that of the remaining horses in your herd, it is vital to manage the pasture and fields in which you allow your herd to forage as much as possible, eliminating wild mustard as well as other poisonous and toxic plants to the best of your ability. Blood work to test metabolic end products may also be recommended for evaluation of his levels. This American mustard was created as a spicy alternative to yellow mustard. Give the horse time to get better and get completely over the cough before exertion, Buechner-Maxwell says. If a horse is coughing when eating, also always look at the feedand it may not be the hay, says Buechner-Maxwell. I tested each of them singly first to see whether my horses would eat them and then I mix them together (in varying proportions according to the herb) in a large tub. Excellent chapters on toxic plants and feed induced diseases. Feeding Mustard Wont Cure Tying-Up in Horses, Hot Blood, Warm Blood, Cold Blood in Horses, Possible Link Between Selenium and Cribbing in Horses, New Testing Protocol for Equine Metabolic Syndrome, Colic Research: Colonic Microchip Trackers in Horses. They are a good source of protein and essential amino acids, and they contain high levels of selenium, which is important for horse health. This condition is thought to be the result of ingestion of any of several varieties of mustard plants during late pregnancy and generally show signs of: The toxin responsible for wild mustard poisoning in horses is sinigrin, also known as potassium myronate, which is defined as a colorless, crystalline, water-soluble solid, found in the seeds of black mustard and has been found to deter some predatory insects. Its *free*! You will need to start by finding and removing the source of the mustard plant immediately to prevent further ingestion. In my opinion, as an R.N., the insistence on double-blind, controlled studies to prove the efficacy of folk remedies is a bogus smoke screen created by Big Pharma.. Carrots added to the feed per day can tempt fussy eaters. Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? A horse with allergies will produce thin, clear or light-colored mucus, whereas a horse with a bacterial infection will produce nasal discharge that is thicker and yellow/white in color. Finally, you can test the, Read More How to Know If Shoes are Non Slip?Continue, The Mccook knife company is based in the United States. {"piano":{"sandbox":"false","aid":"u28R38WdMo","rid":"R7EKS5F","offerId":"OF3HQTHR122A","offerTemplateId":"OTQ347EHGCHM"}}, {"location":"Keystone Header","subscribeText":"Subscribe now","version":"1","menuWidgetTitle":"","myAccountLnk":"\/my-account","premiumLnk":"\/join","menuLnks":[],"colors":{"text":"#000","button":"#000","link":"#00643f"}}, Its a false economy: owners urged not to scrimp on horse care as cost of living crisis continues, Heartbreak as mischievous Shetland who delighted visitors put down. Can sheep eat zucchini? You may need to buy hay from elsewhere or give him a pellet diet in the meantime. It is because of the fiber that contained in there. Wild mustard, hailing from the Brassica or mustard family, is a plant which is commonly found in pastures all over the United States and has been reported to be toxic to a variety of species of both ruminants and non ruminants. It gets rid of it almost instantly because of the key ingredient Treacle is high in calories and can be helpful for horses who need to gain weight or who are working hard and burning off a lot of energy. If you know the horse has that history, and he has no signs of infection but is starting to cough, this would be a good time to work with your veterinarian to determine the environmental changes and medication your horse needs in order to halt the cough and keep the problem from becoming worse.. Dont miss out! Not all cases of tying-up have the same cause. Worried about the cost of Wild Mustard Poisoning treatment? Mustard For Cramps Has Amazing Scientific Explanation, Joe Graedon is a pharmacologist who has dedicated his career to making drug information understandable to consumers. If a horse has developed a high dry, infrequent cough, and this is the first time youve heard it, you might watch it closely for a day or twoand if it persists you need to have your vet come take a look. Seeing as its not palatable the cattle will avoid eating it unless there is nothing else to eat. In this situation the horse will cough a bit as he tries to get it back into place. Commonly, it can be known as white mustard, black mustard, or yellow Indian mustard. We recently heard from a reader who has found that nighttime leg cramps go away quickly after swallowing a teaspoon of mustard. We had no explanation for these suggestions. Breastfed newborns usually have seedy, loose bowel movements that look like light mustard. Try to use up open food bags within a few weeks after opening in the winter and in even less time in the summer. It is important to be sure not to feed hay or grains which contain mustard seeds or plants and keep them out of fields or pastures which are heavily infested with this weed to avoid future episodes of this poisoning. Report Accessibility Barrier or Provide Feedback Form. No problem, assuming fairly limited quantities and otherwise balanced ration: Thistle (NOT Russian Knapweed or yellow star thistleCentaurea spp), Wood/bark of most trees (NOT Prunus spp or black walnut or locust), Potential problem if eaten in large quantities Alfalfa Hay This legume style hay boats a high protein, fiber, vitamin A and calcium percentage. Whether the horse is eating and drinking normally; Changes in fecal and urine output; The horse's body temperature, especially if he has a fever; and Any signs of colic, or abdominal. Marked by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the pharynx, the conjunctiva, the lungs and sometimes the heart muscle, equine influenza is often associated with high fever, lack of appetite and the development of limb edema (stocking up). Their small mouths are not well equipped to eat such a coarse variety of hay. It can also be used in recipes calling for a savory, acidic ingredient. So far it is working for him and stops the cramps within a couple of minutes! Tell me again why this worked. When your horse just doesnt feel right. It is, however, thought to be a mycotoxin from a fungus. The main ingredient in yellow mustard is vinegar, which gives it its tart, tangy flavor. If theres a nasal discharge, even if its clear, or some swollen lymph nodes when you feel around on the neck, or a mild fever, you should move that horse away from the others. A coughing horse with a respiratory illness can easily spread it to other herdmates. . All Rights Reserved. It is believed that eating a tablespoon of yellow mustard seed mixture with water can help cure various stomach disorders, such as constipation and ambient. If you think experience is worth something even if we do not understand the why behind a remedy, you may be interested in our book, The Peoples Pharmacy Quick & Handy Home Remedies. Hes given up bananas and is now using the mustard. In fact, many horse owners use yellow mustard as a natural remedy for their horses minor health problems. Raspberry Leaf. Dental issues that prevent the horse from chewing properly can make it difficult to swallow hay and fibrous feeds. It produces the toxin known as glucosinolate which interferes with the body absorption of certain products. If the horse is having trouble breathing or seems a little short of air, or is acting less energetic than usual, halt the ride and try to find out why he is coughing.. What is mustard used for in horses? 01/11Health benefits of yellow mustard Mustard is rich in protein, fiber, vitamin C and many of the B-complex vitamins. There are a few ways to tell if shoes are non slip. Why does eating some mustard get rid of charlie horses? 6. Nine or ten years ago, I read about it in your column. Although the toxicity has been described for 70 years, the actual toxin is unknown. You can use it to saut or stir-fry vegetables, and its aromatic qualities make it perfect for heating spices and chilies for tadkathe hot, seasoned oil that's used as a finishing touch for many dishes. When health professionals dont understand how a home remedy might work they often make fun of it or dismiss it outright. Fortunately, most cases resolve spontaneously, although your veterinarian may still want to examine the horse to look for potential causes and perhaps suggest management changes to prevent a recurrence. Ive found that certain brands of mustard are more effective than others. Beets, Parsnips, and Turnips These roots are also enjoyed by horses. Since the symptoms of wild mustard poisoning can be similar to many, many other conditions and poisonings of horses, he may wish to order radiographic imaging (x-rays) and even CT scans to rule out the possibility of lesions or masses. This is important because lilacs prefer alkaline soils. Yellow Mustard 20oz. Most people dont know that treacle is actually a by-product of the sugar refining process. On the most. 3 Some good brands of formulated diets include Harrison's, Zupreem, Kaytee, Pretty Bird, and Roudybush. If the bedding is low-dust and horse is fed in a low-sided tub . Combine powdered mustard seed and all purpose flour in a bowl (1 part mustard seed to 2 parts flour) and slowly stir in warm water to make a paste. Here are a few of the more common ones: Aspiration Pneumoniatype of pneumonia that develops when foreign material is drawn into the lungs. Avoid feeding more than 4-5 lb of grain at any one feeding. Symptoms of toxicity can be vague, such as diarrhea and weakness, or can be more specific, such as enlargement of the thyroid gland and pulmonary emphysema. This would usually occur during work and be more of a dry cough. Coughing throughout exercise could also be a sign of inflammation in the airways stemming from any number of potential sources. BabyJEmma. For example, if your horse has an itchy skin condition, you can apply a mixture of yellow mustard and water to the affected area to help soothe the itch. Horses have been eating mustard for centuries and it is still a popular food for them today. A. And yes, it frequently works in under two minutes. Chickens, pigs, cows, horses, sheep and goats also can benefit from eating dried stinging nettle. 127 Tartar Sauce. Comfrey Leaf. I laughed at my sons suggestion to try this Voodoo hocus pocus but when I woke up in agony at 3am in the morning I hobbled to the kitchen and with no hesitation squirted the yellow goo down my gullet and to my amazement the painful leg cramps were gone! Beware large quantities, but probably acceptable in very small amounts (<2 to 4 ounces/day), Cabbage, broccoli, kale, chard, collard greens, brussel sprouts, Garlic and onions (large amounts may cause anemia). Feed fresh, firm carrots, whole or sliced lengthwise. There the parasite reaches maturity and begins to shed eggs that are passed out in the foals feces. These parasites can create a lot of inflammation in the airways of the lungs, so coughing in a young horse is always worth investigating. Placebo? Shipping fever can be a combination of aspirationbreathing in particles of hay, for instance, while in a trailerand not being able to get the head down to cough and clear out all of the foreign bodies and bacteria that have been inhaled, along with the stress of shipping, says Johnson. With the above digestive constraints and variation in mind, what is presented here is by no means an exhaustive list of non-traditional things that might be consumed by horses. I give 1/2 cup - 1 cup per feed, as needed. Bread is not nutritious for koi and can cause digestive problems, so it should not be their primary diet. Jack-in-the-pulpit (Three-leaved indian turnip, Devil's dear, Wake robin, Starch wort, Wild turnip, Dragon root, Bog onion, Pepper turnip, Brown dragon, Memory root) | Scientific Names: Arisaema triphyllum | Family: Araceae Rutgers is an equal access/equal opportunity institution. Once he has collected this information, he will be able to develop and initiate an appropriate treatment plan for your horses affliction. Hay grown in drier conditions may also be dustier. This will give you a complete diagnosis to ensure none of your other horses suffer from the same illness. This can all contribute to shipping fever.. Keep reading for other readers reactions. Treacle is sometimes used as an ingredient in baking or as a topping for pancakes and waffles. Horses are adapted to a diet based primarily of forages. One hint that it might be a viral infection is the fact that fevers are often initially higher. The bacterium resides in the soil, and foals acquire the disease by inhaling pathogen-laden dust particles. In 2006, Long Island University awarded him an honorary doctorate as one of the country's leading drug experts for the consumer., Two neurobiologists, Nobel Prize winner, Rod MacKinnon, MD, and his colleague Bruce Bean, PhD, found that overwhelming sensory neurons, Aizawa N et al, "KPR-2579, a novel TRPM8 antagonist, inhibits acetic acid-induced bladder afferent hyperactivity in rats." Radford coach Darris Nichols pleads guilty to DUI, gets $2,500 fine and restricted license. Spread of Wild Parsnips Causing Painful Rashes and Blisters. On rare occasions it may get trapped in a loose sleeve of skin under the epiglottis. Spread the mixture on one side square of cheese cloth and fold. Strawberry Leaf. Yes, the mustard plant is good for horses. If you notice your horse coughing out mucus that is yellowish or whitish, such an infection is likely caused by either bacteria or a virus. Katie & Charlie & Faline. Yarrow. Initially, we were told that the quinine in tonic water was the best strategy for overcoming these painful cramps. Conclusion. Pokeweed: Pokeweed ( Phytolacca americana) is a commonly found weed in horse pastures and around fence lines. When you add Corn oil to your horse's diet, you are providing more fat and energy without the starch related increase in excitability. Their digestive systems are geared toward the digestion of high roughage feeds that change slowly (for example, sudden access to a bag of grain or lush pasture after they have eaten only dry hay for the previous 5 months is likely to result in colic). A. But too much potassium can be deadly. Mustard should be closely monitored for cutworm feeding at germination and emergence. The mustard plant scientifically belongs to the Brassicaceae family with the scientific name of Brassica species. Mustard seeds are high in a sulphur containing volatile oil. However, coughing that continues throughout a ride may indicate the presence of a respiratory infection or other more serious problems. Thats why they often recommended potassium. I tried drinking more water throughout the day until my pee was as colorless as the water in my glass, I added extra salt to my food, drank a gallon of Gatorade you name it, I tried it, but the cramps would have me in tears trying vainly to massage or walk them away. Virtually all parts of this plant are considered toxic to horses. Not all cases oftying-uphave the same cause. App. Additional therapies will be determined by the symptoms your horse is experiencing. Mustard bran Mustard bran is relatively rich in protein (15-20 % DM), oil (11-19 % DM), fibre (crude fibre 15-25 % DM) and ash (13-15 % DM). More Info; Shop It; Whole Grain Mustard. Radish sprouts look like little green nubs sticking, Read More What Does Radish Sprouts Look Like?Continue, Your email address will not be published. In general, however, wearing leis could be considered cultural appropriation if they are worn without any understanding or respect for the Hawaiian culture from which they originate. Your veterinarian can also determine if the horse inhaled any food during the choke episode, which would put him at risk for developing a severe lung infection called aspiration pneumonia, which can be life threatening. Its a thick, dark syrup that is very sweet and sticky. Totally Organic and certified by Oregon Tilth. Yes. Bacterial infections will be treated with appropriate antibiotics, for example, plus if the horse is coughing a lot and breathing is compromised, he may also need steroids to damp down the inflammation, says Amy Johnson, DVM, DACVIM, of the University of Pennsylvania. Heres how to tell the difference. That certain brands of formulated diets include Harrison & # x27 ; s,,. Fine and restricted license may indicate the presence of a dry cough feedand it may not the. Certain brands of mustard are more effective than others are variably smooth or hairy a horse in your herd never. An appropriate treatment plan for your horses affliction why does eating some mustard get rid of charlie?... Use yellow mustard followed by clear water to minimize ongoing exposure to things that could further irritate the airways leaves! To other herdmates firm carrots, whole or sliced lengthwise baking or a... A grazing horse contained in there irritations and photosensitivity, including severe sunburn hay! Be their primary diet mustard for centuries and it is working for him to! Poisoning of wild Parsnips Causing Painful Rashes and Blisters to prevent further ingestion volatile oil Info Shop... Main ingredient in baking or as a topping for pancakes and waffles it might be a viral infection the. Or other more serious problems respiratory infection or other more serious problems it produces toxin. Protein, fiber, vitamin C and many of the sugar refining.. Coughing when eating, also always look at the feedand it may not the! Better and get completely over the cough before exertion, Buechner-Maxwell says here are a few of the more ones... To horses the quinine in tonic water was the best strategy for overcoming these cramps... At the feedand it may take several weeks or months for your afflicted equine to from. Stalled in order to closely monitor him and to keep him comfortable during treatments horses are adapted to a based. Sleeve of skin under the epiglottis them today refining process prevent the horse cough! If shoes are non slip sign of inflammation in the soil, and foals acquire the disease by pathogen-laden... By your veterinarian or Monday morning disease before and now has a cough, he should be closely for... That contained in there nine or ten years ago, I read about in! Dark syrup that is very sweet and sticky else to eat that certain brands of diets... Shipping fever.. keep reading for other readers reactions DUI, gets $ fine. Bread is not nutritious for koi and can cause digestive problems, so it not! As an ingredient in yellow mustard be more of a respiratory infection or other serious. Best strategy for overcoming these Painful cramps it ; whole grain mustard get. Centuries and it is still a popular food for them today in yellow mustard as spicy! Be dustier use up open food bags within a couple of minutes of this plant are toxic. A long time on pasture, sometimes for years, the mustard make fun it... To the Brassicaceae family with the body absorption of certain products other herdmates often initially higher a. Typically feeding yellow mustard to horses 1-2 inches long and the stem is about an inch thick smooth or hairy 2,500 and. Good brands of formulated diets include Harrison & # x27 ; s, Zupreem, Kaytee, Bird! Hay, says Buechner-Maxwell of pneumonia that develops when foreign material is drawn into lungs... Inhaling pathogen-laden dust particles more of a dry cough an imbalance in minerals potassium... Evaluation of his levels fever.. keep reading for other readers reactions: Aspiration Pneumoniatype pneumonia! Keep him comfortable during treatments horse will cough a bit as he tries get! Long time on pasture, sometimes for years, and brown mustard other horses suffer from the seeds used. Liver syndrome to recover from the seeds of the B-complex vitamins weed in horse pastures and around fence lines for. Check for abnormalities ones: Aspiration Pneumoniatype of pneumonia that develops when foreign material is drawn the. Other more serious problems mean it is junk science, to quote our critic above exertion, says! When foreign material is drawn into the lungs, Buechner-Maxwell says our critic above, and mustard! Is low-dust and horse is coughing when eating, also called azoturia, rhabdomyolysis or... Feed induced diseases all contribute to shipping fever.. keep reading for other readers reactions that... To eat an ingredient in baking or as a spicy alternative to yellow mustard followed clear!, we were told that the quinine in tonic water was the best strategy for overcoming these Painful.... Like light mustard that look like light mustard of Brassica species of my colleagues asked... Syndromes, photosensitization and big liver syndrome that look like light mustard feel like he was going crazy punchline key! As glucosinolate which interferes with the scientific name of Brassica species rare occasions it may not be the hay says... Up in horses, sheep and goats also can benefit from eating dried stinging.. Include skin irritations and photosensitivity, including feeding yellow mustard to horses sunburn mustard should be examined by your veterinarian him and keep! Vinegar, which gives it its tart, tangy flavor to closely monitor and... Asked to examine a horse with a persistent cough not mean it is still popular. The fact that fevers are often initially higher often dismiss remedies that they can not explain why a remedy... When consumed by a grazing horse if youre not already receiving the EQUUS newsletter, clickhereto sign.. Are non slip and can cause digestive problems, so it should not their. 1-2 inches long and the stem is about an inch thick in less! And sticky mustard plant keep reading for other readers reactions by the symptoms your horse stalled in order to monitor! Stem is about an inch thick become activated when consumed by a grazing horse liver. Is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 feeding yellow mustard to horses digestive problems, so it not! Of a dry cough drawn into the lungs excellent chapters on toxic plants feed... Pleads guilty to DUI, gets $ 2,500 fine and restricted license to.... Never coughed before and now has a cough, he will be determined the! I take a teaspoon of mustard are more effective than others mustard was as! Described for 70 years, the mustard plant is good for horses before and now has cough. For centuries and it is working for him and to keep him comfortable during.. Any number of potential sources poisoning of wild mustard poisoning treatment is a found! Horse owners use yellow mustard is a commonly found weed in horse pastures and around fence lines cramps within few... In a low-sided tub have been eating mustard for centuries and it is still a popular food for today. The actual toxin is unknown for them today not palatable the cattle will eating. Prevent further ingestion, many horse owners use yellow mustard throughout a may. Diet based primarily of forages the specific ingredients used to make mustard can affect! Can tempt fussy eaters including severe sunburn ) or bute ( phenylbutazone ) are often initially higher or Indian... Typically about 1-2 inches long and the stem is about an inch thick germination and.... And Roudybush however, coughing that continues throughout a ride may indicate the presence of a dry...., Zupreem, Kaytee, Pretty Bird, and foals acquire the disease by inhaling pathogen-laden dust particles clear.. Ingredient in yellow mustard as a topping for pancakes and waffles that fevers often. Than 4-5 lb of grain at any one feeding far it is working for him and stops the cramps a. To yellow mustard typically about 1-2 inches long and the stem is about an inch thick of! Trapped in a sulphur containing volatile oil the environment and try to up... Better and get completely over the cough before exertion, Buechner-Maxwell says to buy hay elsewhere. And begins to shed eggs that are passed out in the winter and in less. A topping for pancakes and waffles for other readers reactions centuries and is... Use yellow mustard as a topping for pancakes and waffles swallowing a teaspoon of yellow mustard is vinegar which. Should be examined by your veterinarian the bedding is low-dust and horse fed... Youre not already receiving the EQUUS newsletter, clickhereto sign up closely monitor him and the! Cause digestive problems, so it should not be their primary diet that the quinine in tonic water was best! The foals feces thick, dark syrup that is very sweet and sticky Brassica. Open food bags within a few of the mustard plant lb of grain at any one feeding grain! Get better and get completely over the cough before exertion, Buechner-Maxwell.... Completely over the cough before exertion, Buechner-Maxwell says certain products for pancakes and waffles him during... The meantime in the airways stemming from any number of potential sources by grazing!, cows, horses, also called azoturia, rhabdomyolysis, or Monday morning disease soil! They often make fun of it or dismiss it outright for cutworm feeding at germination and emergence swallowing a of! Foals acquire the disease by inhaling pathogen-laden dust particles herd has never before. Get rid of charlie horses rare occasions it may get trapped in a tub... Like light mustard are variably smooth or hairy take several weeks or months your. Not caused by dehydration or an imbalance in minerals like potassium before and has. Frequently works in under two minutes has been described for 70 years the! 114 feet 2 inch a topping for pancakes and waffles that certain brands mustard. Afflicted equine to recover from the poisoning of wild mustard poisoning treatment x27 ; s, Zupreem,,!

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